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This document is designed to provide summary highlights, results and lessons learned from a variety of 28 Section 1115 and Special Improvement Project (SIP) grant projects involving collaboration between child support enforcement ...
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This document is designed to provide summary highlights, results and lessons learned from a variety of 28 Section 1115 and Special Improvement Project (SIP) grant projects involving collaboration between child support enforcement (CSE) agencies (also known as IV-D agencies) and the judicial system. Over the past seven years, the Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE) has funded a number of projects that have extensive court involvement. In fact, the lead organization for nine of the SIP grants is a State/local court or national court organization. The courts play an intricate role in processing and enforcing child support cases. The OCSE grant projects demonstrate that enhanced collaboration between CSE agencies and the judicial system generally improves child support program efficiencies and/or provides better services for parents.
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In 1996, Congress passed and President Clinton signed federal welfare reform legislation, replacing the nations primary welfare program, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), with a new program called Temporary Assistanc...
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In 1996, Congress passed and President Clinton signed federal welfare reform legislation, replacing the nations primary welfare program, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), with a new program called Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Designed to replace an entitlement with a temporary benefit, TANF transformed the nations welfare program in several important ways: it gave states annual, fixed block grants that offered them greater flexibility to design and administer their own welfare programs; it created a five-year lifetime limit on cash benefits; and it required recipients to work and called for states to impose sanctions (financial penalties) on those recipients who did not. Anticipating that welfare reform might pose particular challenges to urban areas where poverty and welfare receipt are most concentrated MDRC launched the Project on Devolution and Urban Change (Urban Change, for short) in 1997 to chronicle TANF programs and the resulting changes in the lives of low-income families and in the institutions that serve them in four urban counties: Cuyahoga (Cleveland), Los Angeles, Miami-Dade, and Philadelphia. Between 2002 and 2005, MDRC released reports on each of the four cities to tell the stories of welfare reform up until 2001. These reports found four different approaches to welfare reform but remarkably similar results. In all four counties, welfare caseloads were down; conditions improved in high-poverty and high-welfare neighborhoods; and welfare recipients who were surveyed at two points in time were more likely to be working and to be financially better off in 2001 than in 1998, even though most remained poor. This report updates the story of welfare reform in two of the four Urban Change cities: Cleveland and Philadelphia. As it turned out, the 1990s represented the best environment in which to implement welfare reform. Poverty rates among children reached record lows during the decade, and employment levels among single-parent women reached a record high. By March 2001, the national economy fell into a recession that would officially last eight months, although employment continued to decline through August 2003. Welfare-to-work budgets and civil service workforces were scaled back in response to state budget deficits. It was during this period of job losses and budget deficits that families started reaching the federal five-year time limit on cash assistance, in 2002.
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Military life presents a variety of challenges to military families, including frequent separations and relocations as well as the risks that service members face during deployment; however, many families successfully navigate the...
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Military life presents a variety of challenges to military families, including frequent separations and relocations as well as the risks that service members face during deployment; however, many families successfully navigate these challenges. Despite a recent emphasis on family resilience, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) does not have a standard and universally accepted definition of family resilience. A standard definition is a necessary for DoD to more effectively assess its efforts to sustain and improve family resilience. RAND authors reviewed the literature on family resilience and, in this report, recommend a definition that could be used DoD-wide. The authors also reviewed DoD policies related to family resilience, reviewed models that describe family resilience and identified key family resilience factors, and developed several recommendations for how family-resilience programs and policies could be managed across DoD.
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The Housing Welcome Center (HWC) in Monterey, CA manages more than 2, 200 military family houses and provides services to approximately 4,500 service members. The current housing information system consists of a proprietary legacy...
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The Housing Welcome Center (HWC) in Monterey, CA manages more than 2, 200 military family houses and provides services to approximately 4,500 service members. The current housing information system consists of a proprietary legacy database system, a homemade non-relational database, a collection of word processing documents, and a static online application Web site. This semi-manual system can introduce errors, inconsistencies, and redundancies that may lead to frustration and possibly a decrease in quality of life. This research presents a prototype Housing Assignments and Terminations System (HATS) that uses a top- down systems analysis design approach. The research defines requirements and models that are transformed into a relational database with connectivity to a Web site. A graphical user interface (GUI) provides intuitive menus to manipulate and view data. Decision support tools help decision-makers visualize the data in a spatial manner and make better decisions to improve the quality of life for service members.
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Purpose, To understand the influence of Latino culture in breast cancer treatment, by developing a conceptual model of the informal support system utilized by 60 triads consisting of Latina cancer patients, their spouses/significa...
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Purpose, To understand the influence of Latino culture in breast cancer treatment, by developing a conceptual model of the informal support system utilized by 60 triads consisting of Latina cancer patients, their spouses/significant others and family/friends. Participants are drawn from the Breast Cancer Treatment fund, which provides payment for services for uninsured women.
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On April 24, 2008, President George W. Bush convened in Washington, D.C., a broad array of education and community stakeholders to address a deeply troubling but vastly under-reported phenomenon limiting the education options avai...
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On April 24, 2008, President George W. Bush convened in Washington, D.C., a broad array of education and community stakeholders to address a deeply troubling but vastly under-reported phenomenon limiting the education options available to low-income urban families: the rapid disappearance of faith-based schools in Americas cities. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, between the 1999-2000 and 2005-06 school years, the K12 faith-based education sector lost nearly 1,200 schools and nearly 425,000 students. This is a cause for national concern for a number of important reasons. First, for generations, these schools have played an invaluable role in America's cities. They are part of our Nations proud story of religious freedom and tolerance, community development, immigration and assimilation, academic achievement, upward mobility, and more. To lose these schools is to lose a positive, central character in the narrative of urban America. More importantly, the disappearance of these schools is having a tragic impact on many of our most disadvantaged families. For many urban parents, the moral grounding, community ethic, safe and structured environment, and academic rigor of faith-based schools are invaluable to their children. These qualities are especially prized because of the unfortunate alternatives many of these children and families face.
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Despite record child support collections by state child support programs, considerable sums of child support go unpaid every year. These past due payments of child support, referred to as child support arrears, accumulate each yea...
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Despite record child support collections by state child support programs, considerable sums of child support go unpaid every year. These past due payments of child support, referred to as child support arrears, accumulate each year and have reached unprecedented levels in recent years. In September 2006, the federal Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE) reported that the total amount of child support arrears that had accumulated nationwide since the program began in 1975 had reached $105.4 billion. These large amounts of arrears are disturbing for many reasons. First and foremost, most of these arrears are owed to custodial families who would benefit if they were collected. Second, some of these arrears are owed to the government. If these arrears were collected, it would improve the cost effectiveness of the child support program. Finally, high arrears are often interpreted by the public as a sign of agency incompetence and a failure to serve custodial families, when, in fact, the picture is more complicated than that. The purpose of this report is to provide information about the underlying characteristics of child support arrears in the nation and in nine large states to help OCSE and state child support programs (also known as IV-D programs) improve their ability to manage arrears. The nine study states are: Arizona, Florida, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas. They were selected because of their relative size.
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EHealth systems such as CHESS (Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System) may assist caregivers of Alzheimer's patients with decisions about care, but caregivers also need help implementing these decisions once a choice is m...
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EHealth systems such as CHESS (Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System) may assist caregivers of Alzheimer's patients with decisions about care, but caregivers also need help implementing these decisions once a choice is made. Our purpose was to develop and test a new Internet-based decisions aid for an existing computer module, the Dementia Caregiver Module, to help caregivers successfully implement a decision regarding care.
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The New Freedom Initiative Caregiver Support Workgroup was established to identify and coordinate existing caregiver support activities across agencies within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The workgroup i...
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The New Freedom Initiative Caregiver Support Workgroup was established to identify and coordinate existing caregiver support activities across agencies within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The workgroup is a sub-group of the HHS New Freedom Initiative staff group that was established to respond to the President's Executive Order on Community-Based Alternatives. Several solutions outlined in the report to the President, 'Delivering on the Promise,' seek to enhance HHS support of family caregivers of people with disabilities of all ages. The workgroup will play a leadership role in promoting these solutions as well as coordinating overall HHS caregiver support activities. The Administration on Aging convened the workgroup and provides leadership and staff support to the workgroup. The first product of the workgroup is this Compendium of HHS Caregiver Support Activities. The compendium will be used by the workgroup to catalogue existing efforts to support family caregivers across agencies within HHS and identify opportunities for collaboration and coordination. The compendium is a working document and will be updated on a regular basis as additional caregiver support activities are identified or developed.
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This report summarizes the work completed for the project Computer-based Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Tools for Gene-based Tests Used in Breast Cancer, funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) under contr...
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This report summarizes the work completed for the project Computer-based Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Tools for Gene-based Tests Used in Breast Cancer, funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) under contract HHSA290-2005-0036-I (Task Order 8). For this project, AHRQ asked for the development and testing of two CDS tools for gene-based tests in breast cancer.
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